Kathak is an Indian classical dance developed in north India and is based on north Indian classical music. Anklebells play a very important role in kathak dance. Traditionally Kathak dance was mainly based on Krishana’s and Radha’s dance and was known as Natawari Dance. It is danced in north Indian states like Uttarpradesh, Madhya Pradesh, tRajasthan, Panjab and also in Bengal.
There are three styles of kathak dance known as Kathak Gharanas, each reflecting unique stylistic nuances shaped by the cultural environment of their time.:-
Jaipur Style
Lakhanawi Style,
Benaras Style.
Dancers who performed in the courts of Hindu kings, such as those associated with the Jaipur and Benaras gharanas, emphasized themes rooted in Hindu mythology and spirituality. For instance, the Jaipur Gharana is renowned for its vigorous and powerful performances, often depicting stories of Radha and Krishna, as well as dynamic representations of the Tandav dance of Lord Shiva. In contrast, the Benaras Gharana places a strong emphasis on intricate and detailed footwork, showcasing exceptional rhythmic precision and complexity.
On the other hand, the Lucknow Gharana, which flourished under the patronage of Muslim rulers, adapted its style to suit the refined tastes of the Nawabi courts. It is distinguished by its graceful and delicate movements, known as lasya, which highlight expressive gestures (abhinaya) and subtle storytelling through facial expressions and gentle body language. Each gharana, while preserving the essence of Kathak, reflects a distinct cultural and aesthetic lineage, contributing richly to the diversity and beauty of this classical tradition.
